The theoretical understanding of superconductivity was elusive until 1957 when John Bardeen, Leon Cooper, and John Schrieffer proposed the BCS theory. This surprising discovery ushered in a new era of low-temperature physics. Superconductivity was first discovered in 1911 by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, who observed that mercury's resistance abruptly disappeared at temperatures below 4.2 Kelvin. The Pathway to Understanding Superconductivity This article delves into the intricacies of superconductivity, the challenges in its application, and the potential it holds for the future of energy transfer. This means a superconducting material can carry an electric current indefinitely without losing energy, a concept that can revolutionize how we produce, transmit, and use electricity. Superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon where certain materials can conduct electric current with zero electrical resistance.
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